Sharanabasaveshwara Lake, located in Kalaburagi, Karnataka, is not just a serene body of water but a thriving ecosystem that supports a rich diversity of bird species. The lake, through various conservation efforts, has become a sanctuary for both resident and migratory birds, showcasing the importance of urban wetlands in biodiversity preservation.

Historical Background

The origins of Sharanabasaveshwara Lake are debated among historians. Some attribute its construction to Raja Gulchand of the Kakatiyas in the 12th century, while others believe it was Alauddin Bahman Shah Sultan in the 14th century who developed the lake primarily for fort construction purposes. Another perspective credits the lake's creation to a call from Saint Sharanabsaveshwara in the 18th century during a severe famine. Regardless of its origins, the lake has transformed over the centuries, serving various needs from drinking water to becoming a biodiversity hotspot.

Revival and Conservation Efforts

In 2003, significant efforts to revive the lake were initiated under the guidance of Shri Mallikarjun Kharge. These efforts included fencing, silt removal, and the diversion of drainage, which were crucial in restoring the lake's ecological balance. The revitalization efforts paid off, increasing water storage and positively impacting the groundwater levels within a 5 km radius, proving beneficial for the surrounding urban area.

Avifauna of Sharanabasaveshwara Lake

Dr. Shankerappa S. Hatti's meticulous study of the lake's avifauna has documented an impressive variety of bird species. Here are some highlights

• Resident Birds

Common Tailorbird (Orthotomus sutorius): Known for its bright green upperparts and creamy underparts, this bird is a year-round resident of the lake area.

Indian Roller (Coracias benghalensis): Revered in Indian culture, this bird is easily recognizable by its vibrant blue wings.

• Migratory Birds

Pied Avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta): A striking wader with a distinctive upturned bill, seen during migration seasons.

Northern Pintail (Anas acuta): A dabbling duck that visits the lake during the winter months.

• Conservation Status

The study categorizes birds based on their conservation status, highlighting species that are threatened and need protection.

Significance of the Lake

The lake's significance extends beyond just being a habitat for birds. It plays a vital role in maintaining the ecological balance, supporting various life forms, and offering educational opportunities for ornithology enthusiasts and the general public.